Revision Book (Homework)

Common nouns: Common nouns are words used to name general items e.g: Table, Chair, Floor

Abstract Nouns: They can be used to describe yours or someone else's feelings e.g: Love, Danger, Happiness

Proper nouns: Proper nouns are used for: name, place or community. Most start with a capital letter e.g: Archie, London, England

Collective nouns: How many of something there are or what a group of something is called e.g: A gaggle of geese, a herd of cows, pack of wolves

Adjectives: They are used to describe a noun e.g: Bright, Big, Small

Verbs: They are a doing word e.g: Swimming, running, eating

Adverbs: They describe how you are doing a verb e.g: Slowly, Quickly, Carefully

Adverbial phrases: They are a group of words that has been used like an adverb to add more information or detail to a verb e.g: How, when, why

Synonyms: They are a word or phrase that means the same as another word e.g: Quick and fast, Big and large, Small and tiny

Antonyms: They are a word or phrase that means the opposite of another word e.g: Quick and slow, Big and miniature, Small and tall

Pronouns: They are used in place of a nouns that has already been used e.g: She, It, This#

Possessive pronouns: They are words used that show ownership e.g: His, Hers, Theirs

Relative pronouns: They are used connect a clause or a phrase to a pronoun or noun e.g: Who, Which, That

Main clause: It is a sentence that can stand on its own e.g: Although he was ill, he went to school.

Subordinate clauses: They are a group of words that does not make sense on their own e.g: Although he was ill, he went to school.

Relative clauses: They are a clauses starting with a relative pronoun (who, whose, where, when, which, that) e.g: Jeffery, who was ill, went to school today.

Phrase: It is a small group of words that adds meaning to a sentence

Noun phrases: They modify the noun in the sentence e.g: The grey-haired man ate his food quietly.

Prepositional phrase: It is a group of words that begins with a preposition and ends in a noun or a pronoun e.g: Under the bed, behind the school, next to the shed

Adjective phrases: They are a group of words that describes a pronoun in a sentence e.g: The tired hamster, the playful puppy, the happy cat

Verb phrases: They are a phrase that functions as an adverb or adjective and contains a verb e.g: Carefully walks, walks slowly, walks quickly

Adverb phrases: They can modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a main clause and an entire sentence e.g: Quite slowly, quite quickly, quite easily

Co-ordinating conjunctions are also know as FANBOYS. F= For, A= And, N= Nor, B= But, O= Or, Y= Yet and S= So

A Subordinating conjunction is a conjunction that introduces a subordinating clause e.g: Because, although, meanwhile

The present tense is usually used to talk about actions that are completed by the present e.g: He has been there for 2 hours

The past perfect is usually to talk about actions that are completed in a particular point in the past e.g: She has seen him before

The subject is the person pr thing doing something e.g: Jeffery went to school

The object is the person or thing having something done to it e.g: Jeffery studies maths

The active voice describes a sentence where the subject preforms the action stated by the verb e.g: Jeffery gave Jeff a beagle

The passive voice is where the subject undergoes the action e.g: A beagle was given to Jeff by Jeffery

Standard English is a contraversial term for a form of English that is written and spoken by well educated people e.g: I like the person that scored

Non-standard English is not spoken well e.g: I like the player what scored

Statement: A clear or definite expression of something in speech or writing e.g: I like cheese, I like Edam cheese, I like double gloucester cheese

Command: A command is when you force someone to do an action e.g: "Get me water"

Exclamation: An exclamation is where you exclaim something e.g: "Get the water!"

A comma is a punctuation mark that indicates a pause if needed in a sentence

Brackets: Brackets are used to add extra information to a sentence e.g: Elephants (who have long trunks) weigh up to 6 tons

Dashes: Dashes are used to separate groups of words e.g: The boy - who was 10 years of age - ate a pie for his dinner

A single dash is normally a feature of informal English and is used to create suspense or to indicate that what follows is an afterthought or something to be emphasised e.g: I walked into my room - my window was being opened

Hyphens are used to separate parts of words e.g: fifty-two, man-eating, re-cover

Apostrophes for contraction: Apostrophes for contraction is when a letter from a word is missing and an apostrophe is replacing it e.g: won't, could've, would've

Apostrophes for ommission: The same as above

Direct speech uses inverted commas and repeats exactly what the speaker said e.g: "Don't do that!" said Jeffery.

Colons are used to expand an idea and start a list e.g: From the shop I bought: Eggs, ketchup and sausages

Semi-colons are used to join 2 main clauses or in a complicated list e.g: I like sports; my favourite sport is football